Pump



May 12, 1936. J. L. l.. A. A. MOULET 2,040,667

PUMP Filed April 1s, 1954 2 sheds-sheet 1 m 'Il N l N i3 l l l *H """J N'2N VQ) u l I L0 May 12, 1936. J. 1 A. A. MOULE-r PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Filed April 13, 1934 i, :u w HK VUV OD..

Nm. O @mi Patented May 12, 1936 PATENT OFFICE Jean Louis Lon AlexandreAlbert Moulet, Boulogne-sur-Seine, France, assignor to Martin Moulet &Cie, Oullins (Rhone), France Application April 13, 1934, Serial No.'120,382 In France April 13,1933

10 Claims. (Cl. 103-44) It is a, known fact that the usual piston pumpsare not adapted to operate upon liquids dissolving the lubricants; thisis particularly the case of gasoline which dissolves the lubricating oiland causes thus a rapid wear of the moving parts and a gripping.

It is thus necessary to provide the piston pumps with a suitablelubricating arrangement, should it be desired to employ these pumps foroperating upon gasoline or the like. It is indispensable to introducethelubricant between the pistons and the cylinders at a pressure which, onthe one hand, is sufficient to prevent any gripping, but on the otherhand, should not much exceed the pressure of the liquid operated upon inorder to avoid any considerable flow of lubricating oil towards thispumped liquid, such a flow constituting aA loss of lubricant which wouldbe useless or even harmful. I y

Moreover, if these pumps are intended to supply gasoline to carburetorsof explosion engines, or to the injection systems of internal combustionengines, they have preferably to be self-regulat- 5 ing; in other words,their pressure and their output must be limited according to therequirement of the engine to be supplied with gasoline or the like.

The present invention has for its object a pump constructed inaccordance with the conditions set, forth hereabove; this pump ischaracterized chiefly in that it comprises in combination a casingcontaining a lubricating liquid, at least one cylinder situated in saidcasing, delivery and suction valve means provided in said cylinders,pistons movable in said cylinders, and operative means positivelyactuating said pistons during their suction stroke, the delivery strokethereof being effected under the action of the pressure of thelubricating liquid-inside of said casing.

An example of such a pump is described in the following description; themeans utilized to establish and to maintain the pressure of the oil inthe pump casing consist of a self-regulating oil piston pump, whereinthe piston is positively driven by a mechanical means (a cam, forexample) durng the suction stroke of the pump, and eiects its deliverystroke under the influence of an adjustable elastic means. But it is tobe readily understood that the same result may also be'obtained by theuse of any other suitable arrangement, such as a self-regulating pump ofanother type, a reservoir under air pressure, etc., and this withoutdeparting from' the spirit of the invention.

Other characteristics of the invention will be besides set forth in thefollowing description.

In the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of example: y

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section oi an improved 5 pump according to theinvention.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the axis oi' a. cylinder of a pumpoperating upon gasoline, on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a transverse section, on the axis of the 10 cylinder of theoil pump, on the line 3-3 of Fig. l.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the axis of the gasoline iilter.

Fig. 5 is a partial section on the line 5--5 of l5 Fig. 3.

According to the represented example, the pump essentially comprises(Figure 1) a casing I, wherein are disposed al1 of the gasolinecylinders. 'Ihese latter comprise sleeves 2 and 3 secured in 20 casingI. Each one of these cylinders is provided with a box 4 containing thesuction valve and with a delivery valve box 5 (Figures 1 and 2). Theseboxes comprise a disc 6 resting upon a seat 1, a spring 8, a valve stop9, a spring IB for the valve stop, and a plug II for the valve box, witha packing I2.

The two suction valve boxes communicate through a tube I3 (Figure 2)which also connects 30 them with the suction well I4 (Figure 4) by animmersed tube I5. This suction well I4 may contain a. filter I6; it isclosed by a plug I1 provided with a joint I8, and carries the suctionnozzle I9, which is provided with a suitable coupling for its 35non-leaking connection with a piping.

The delivery valve boxes are also connected by conduit 20 (Figure 1)which in turn is connected with the delivery nozzle 2 I, and alsoprovided with a, suitable coupling for its connection with a 40 piping.

Casing I also contains the cylinder of an oil pump. This cylinderconsists of a sleeve 22 (Fig. 1), and is provided with a suction valvebox 23 (Fig. 3) and with a delivery valve box 24. 4: The elements ofthese boxes are identical with those used for the gasoline cylinders.The suction valve box 23 (Fig. 3) is connected by a conduit 25 with acavity 26 which contains a filter 21. This cavity is closed by a plug 28with a joint 29. 5( The boss containing the filter also carries a nozzle30 for the suction oi oil provided with a suitable coupling for thenon-leaking mounting of a piping.

The valve box 24 for the delivery of oil (Fig. l) 5t communicates byconduits 3l and 32 with the interior la of casing l.

Pistons 33 and 34 are movable in the cylinders of the gasoline pumps 2and 3. These pistons are of a hollow form. Their downward stroke takesplace under the action of links 35 and 36, theends of which bear uponrings 33a and 34a through the intermediary of nuts 31 and 38. 'Iheserings 33a and 34a are secured to the pistons by means of suitable armsor of a piece pierced with holes. These rings 33a and 34a, as shown inthe drawings (Figs. 1 and 2), are freely slidable on the links 35 and36. Thus the pistons may freely slide upon links 35 and 36 between theshoulders of said links and nuts 31 and 38. Links 36 and 35 are, attheir ends, guidedby sockets 39 and 40, secured to the cover of casing4I. On the other hand each one of these links has a central part havingthe form of a cage containing an operating cam. Cams 42a and 42hcorresponding to each of the cylinders for gasoline are mounted on ashaft 42 which rotates in bearing rings 43 and 44 secured to casing I(Fig. 1). At one of its ends, this shaft 42 has a screw like slot 42dfor its driving. Spiral springs 45 and 46 inserted between the cover ofcasing 4l and suitable shoulders provided on the links maintain theselatter in such manner that the lower part of the cage .always remains incontact with the cam. When the action of the cam ceases, links 35 and 36are pushed in an upward direction. But during this stroke the pistonsare not driven, this being due to the play between rings 31 and 38, andlinks 35 and 36. The delivery stroke of the pistons takes place underthe sole action of the lubricating fluid in casing 4l.

Cylinder 22 of the oil pump also comprises a piston 41, actuated, forits downward stroke, by a, link 48 carrying a nut 4&1.v This link isguided at its lower part in a socket 50 secured to the cover o f thecasing. It is subjected to the action.

of a cam 42o, carried by shaft 42, said cam acting upon the horizontalbranch of the central part of link 48. A spiral spring i is insertedbetween lthe cover of casing 4l and a shoulder of the link andconstantly maintains the contact between link 48 and cam 42o.

Due to the respective dimensions of cam 42e and of the opening in link48, and also due to the method of connection of link 48 and of piston41,

the cam only acts on the piston for the downward stroke, correspondingto the suction. The delivery stroke is thus effected under the action ofa spiral spring 52 compressed between piston 41 and a socket 53 slidablymounted in the cylinder. This socket bears in turn upon a lever 54 (Fig.3) pivoted to a spindle 55. The position of the other arm of this leveris adjusted by means of a screw 56. Thus by screwing or unscrewing thisscrew 56, 'the amount of compression of spring 52 may be easily variedand hence the amount of the pressure of the delivery of oil.

Finally (Fig. 3) link 48 is provided with a part 48a forming a heel andwhich can be acted upon by a lever 51 (Fig. 5) pinned to a spindle 58turning in the casing. A lever 59 also secured to spindle 58, isprovided to actuate said spindle from the outside, whereas lever 51 isconstantly urged back by spring 60. Thus by acting upon lever 59, link58 and the piston 41 may be displaced by hand without setting thedriving shaft 42 in movement.

Both of the chambers la and Ib of casing l are traversed by shaft 42 andbetween these chambers a stuiling-box is mounted, comprising a socket 8|serving as a. lodging for a plastic packing member 62, pressed by astufllng-box plugv 66 (Fig. 3) is provided on part Ib ofthe' casingcorresponding to the oil pump. 'Ihis plug may be replaced by a coupling61 shown in dotted lines, and permitting the mounting of a pipe.

The oil suction nozzle 30 is obviously connected with an oil containingtank of any type. Oil is also supplied to the interior la of casing I;this operation may be performed by actuating by hand lever 59. A plug 66is provided in the casing for the evacuation of air.' (Fig. 1.) Itshould be noted, however, that the interior of pistons 2 and 3 remainsfull of air.

The operation of the pump is as follows: shaft 42 being driven at asuitable speed, for 'instance from the engine cam 42c of the oil vpistonpositively causes the suction of the oil through nozzle 30. The deliverystroke of this piston takes place only under the effect of spring 52.The oil delivered by this pump flows into chamber I a through conduits3l and 32. Thus, a determined and constant pressure is established inthis chamber. I'his pressure obviously depends only upon the tension ofspring 52, this tension being adjustable by means of screw 56 as abovedescribed.

When a suitable pressure is established in casing la, the oil pump,continuing to operate, maintains it at the desired rate andautomatically compensates for all the leaks which may occur.

The gasoline pistons 33 and 34 are on the other' hand adapted to bepositively acted upon by cams 42a and 42h for the suction strokes.During the suction stroke of one of these pistons, the other willpractically effect its delivery stroke. But this sequence of the twostrokes may be somewhat irregular, due to the fact that the hollow backportion of the pistons always contains a little amount of air which maybe compressed and may thus balance the effects cf the unsymmetricalmovements of the pistons. When one of the pistons is freed from theaction of the corresponding cam, it is subjected on its back side to theaction of the lubricating liquid which is maintained under a constantpressure, and on its front side to the action of the gasoline pressure.But the gasoline filling the cylinder may now flow out through thedelivery valve, and this iiow as soon as it begins createsv a certainvery little differ-4 ence of pressure on the front and back sides of thepiston. Thus duc to the fact that the oil pressure is always constant,the piston is forcibly displaced and causes the outflow of the gasoline.The output of the pump is thus automatically adjusted according toneeds, and the pump is self regulating.

The described arrangement for the suction of gasoline (Wells withimmersed tube) also serves to damp the successive strokes, due 'to thefact that the liquid column in these wells may oscillate and cause aneliicient damping. Such an anrangement is of course desirable for anoperation at high speed, when the number of the successive strokes isvery high.

On the other hand, the oil pressure at la will only slightly exceed thegasoline pressure above the pistons, this small difference of pressurebeing suflicient to ensure the lubrication of the pistons withoutcausing a great oil consumption.

Finally, it is known that in engines provided with compressorsdelivering air into the carburetor, the feeding pressure of gasolinemust be automatically increased by an amount always equal to thevariable pressure produced by the compressor in the air conduits of theengine. The pump according to the invention is remarkably well .adaptedfor this particular use. It sufllces in fact to cause the pressureproduced by the compressor to act in the interior Ib of the oil pumpcasing. For this purpose, plug 66 is removed and replaced by coupling 61receiving a pipe connecting it with the air conduits of the engine orwith any other point at which the pressure of the compressor prevails.This pressure is thus constantly added to the actual pressure of thepump due to spring 52 and the pump is thus automatically compensated.

The various results sought for are thus obtained without the use of anydiaphragm or deformable wall and the pump is capable, due to this fact,of beingused to obtain high delivery pressures.

Obviously the invention is by no means limited to the method ofexecution which has been represented and described only by way ofexample.

Having now described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

l..A pump for feeding combustion fluid to a motor comprising a casingcontaining a lubricating liquid under pressure, means for alwaysmaintaining said pressure at an amount which is substantially equal tothe pressure of the combustion huid feeding the motor, at least twocylinders situated in said casing, delivery and suction valve meansprovided in said cylinders and adapted to operate upon the combustionfluid feeding the motor, pistons slidably located in said cylinders, andoperative means for positively and sucy cessively actuating said pistonsfor their suction stroke which causes the filling ofthe corfrespondingcylinder with the combustion fluid, whereas, for their delivery stroke,said pistons are freed from the action of said operative means, i thislatter stroke being effected under the sole action upon the back side ofsaid pistons of the pressure of the lubricating fluid in said casing, asthe opening of the delivery valve means, which occurs during thisstroke, produces a fiow of the y combustion fluid.

2. A pump according to claim 1 wherein chamber means are providedthrough which the feeding of the pump takes place, said chamber formmg adamper permitting the operation of said pump at high speeds.

3. A pump for feeding combustion fluid to a motor comprising a casingcontaining a lubricating liquid under pressure, a preferably selfregulating pump for always maintaining said presl sure at an amountwhich is substantially equal to the pressure of the combustion fluidfeeding the motor, at least two cylinders situated in said casing,delivery and suction valve means provided in said cylinders and adaptedto operate upon 5 the combustion fluid feeding the motor, pistonsslidably located in said cylinders, and operative means for positivelyand successively actuating said pistons for their suction stroke whichcauses the filling of the corresponding cylinder with the g combustionfluid, whereas for their delivery stroke, said pistons are freed fromthe action of said operative means, this latter stroke being effectedunder the sole action upon the back side of said pistons of the pressureof the lubricating fluid in said casing, as the opening of the deliveryvalve means, which occurs during this stroke, produces a flow of thecombustion fluid.

4. A pump according to claim 3 wherein saidA preferably self regulatingpump is located in said casing of the main pump. 5

5. A pump according to claim 3 and provided with driving meanssimultaneously actuating said operative means.

6. A pump according to claim 3 provided with a driving shaftsimultaneously actuating said operative means, located in and emergingout of said casing, and being provided with suitable packing means. f'

7. A pump for feeding combustion fluid to a motor comprising a. casingcontaining a lubricating liquid under pressure, means for alwaysmaintaining said pressure at an amount which is substantially equal tothe pressure of the combustion uid feeding the motor, at least twocylinders situated in said casing, delivery and suction valve meansprovided in said cylinders and adapted to operate upon the combustionfluid feeding the motor, pistons slidably located in said cylinders, andoperative means for positively and successively actuating said pistonsfor their suction stroke which causes the filling of the correspondingcylinder with the combustion fluid whereas for their delivery stroke,said pistons are freed from the action of said operative means, thislatter stroke being effected under the sole ac 30 tion upon the backside of said pistons of the pressure of the lubricating fluid in saidcasing,

as the opening of the delivery valve means, which occurs during thisstrcke,`pr.oduces a ow of the combustion :duid,said pressure maintainingmeans $5 for the lubricating liquid comprising a preferablyreciprocating pump for maintaining the pressure in the casing at adesired amount, said pump being provided with further operative meanspositively actuating it during its suction 40 stroke and with adjustablepreferably elastic means actuating it during its delivery stroke.

8. A pump according to claim 7 wherein said preferably reciprocating,pump is provided with preferably hand operable adjusting means.

9. A pump of the kind described, comprising a main preferably tightcasing containing lubricatf ing oil, at least two cylinders provided insaid casing, suction and delivery valve means provided in saidcylinders, pistons slidably located in said cylinders, a driving shaftlocated in said casing, cam means carried by said shaft, connectionmeans between said cams and said pistons positively and successivelyactuating said pistons for the suction stroke of the pump, and 55freeing said pistons for the delivery stroke of the pump which iseffected under the sole action of the lubricant contained in saidcasing, a secondary pump supplying' oil in said casing and maintainingthe pressure thereof at a desired amount, said pump in turn comprisingat least one cylinder, a piston located in said cylinder, a drivingshaft, cam means secured on said shaft for positively actuating saidpiston for the suction stroke of said oil pump and elastic meanspreferably of an adjustable type actuating said piston for the deliverystroke of said oil pump. 10. A pump of the kind described, comprising amain preferably tight casing containing lubrieating oil, at1easc twocylinders provided in said 7o casing, suction and delivery valve meansprovided in said cylinders, pistons slidably located in said cylinders,a driving shaft located in said casing, cam means carried by said shaft,connecting means between said cams and said pistons for positively andsuccessively actuating said pistons for the suction stroke of the pump,and freeing said pistons for the delivery stroke of the pump which iseffected under the sole action of the lubricant contained in saidcasing, a secondary pump supplying oil in said casing and maintainingthe pressure thereof at a desired amount, said pump being located insaid casing and in turn comprising at least one cylinder, a piston mlocated in said cylinder, cam means located on 'said driving shaft andpositively actuating said piston for the suction stroke of said oilpump, elastic reaction means actuating said second piston for thedelivery stroke of said oil pump and preferably hand operable means foradjusting the compression of said elastic means and thereby the amountof pressure in said casing.

JEAN LOUIS LEON ALEXANDRE @BERT MoULE'r.

